The old “Musée de l’Homme” of 1937 has vanished with the departure of its ethnographical collections (300 000 items) to the Chirac’s “Musée du Quai Branly”, or Museum of Primitive Arts, and the departure of its extensive European collections to the future “Musée des Civilisations de l’Europe et de la Méditerranée”. The Musée de l’Homme should be reborn as a “Museum of Natural History of Human Beings”. What will happen of cultural anthropology studies in these new museums of France ? Are they still useful in our changing times ?