In the winter of 1939, the Spanish Civil War, which had brought Republicans and the supporters of Franco into conflict since the summer of 1936, was coming to an end. Fleeing before Franco’s advancing army, thousands of Spaniards crossed the Pyrenees seeking refuge in the department of Pyrénées-Orientales. The men would be interned in camps, the women, children and elderly in “shelters”. In the early years of the twenty-first century, the memory of this Exodus, transmitted from father to son, is undergoing subtle but important changes, the reasons for and effects of which are analyzed here.